(6) 1. Gotamīvaggo

1. Gotamīsuttaṃ



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(6) 1\ 瞿昙弥品
1\ 瞿昙弥经
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51. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sakkesu viharati kapilavatthusmiṃ nigrodhārāme. Atha kho mahāpajāpatī [mahāpajāpati (syā.) cūḷava. 402] gotamī yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho mahāpajāpatī gotamī bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sādhu, bhante, labheyya mātugāmo tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajja’’nti. ‘‘Alaṃ, gotami! Mā te rucci mātugāmassa tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajjā’’ti.

Dutiyampi kho mahāpajāpatī gotamī bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sādhu, bhante, labheyya mātugāmo tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajja’’nti. ‘‘Alaṃ, gotami! Mā te rucci mātugāmassa tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajjā’’ti. ‘‘Tatiyampi kho mahāpajāpatī gotamī bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sādhu bhante, labheyya mātugāmo tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajja’’nti. ‘‘Alaṃ, gotami! Mā te rucci mātugāmassa tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajjā’’ti.

Atha kho mahāpajāpatī gotamī ‘‘na bhagavā anujānāti mātugāmassa tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajja’’nti dukkhī dummanā assumukhī rudamānā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi.

Atha kho bhagavā kapilavatthusmiṃ yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena vesālī tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi . Anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena vesālī tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṃ . Atha kho mahāpajāpatī gotamī kese chedāpetvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā sambahulāhi sākiyānīhi saddhiṃ yena vesālī tena pakkāmi. Anupubbena yena vesālī mahāvanaṃ kūṭāgārasālā tenupasaṅkami. Atha kho mahāpajāpatī gotamī sūnehi pādehi rajokiṇṇena gattena dukkhī dummanā assumukhī rudamānā bahidvārakoṭṭhake aṭṭhāsi.

Addasā kho āyasmā ānando mahāpajāpatiṃ gotamiṃ sūnehi pādehi rajokiṇṇena gattena dukkhiṃ dummanaṃ assumukhiṃ rudamānaṃ bahidvārakoṭṭhake ṭhitaṃ. Disvāna mahāpajāpatiṃ gotamiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kiṃ nu tvaṃ, gotami, sūnehi pādehi rajokiṇṇena gattena dukkhī dummanā assumukhī rudamānā bahidvārakoṭṭhake ṭhitā’’ti? ‘‘Tathā hi pana, bhante ānanda, na bhagavā anujānāti mātugāmassa tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajja’’nti. ‘‘Tena hi tvaṃ, gotami, muhuttaṃ idheva tāva hohi, yāvāhaṃ bhagavantaṃ yācāmi mātugāmassa tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajja’’nti.

Atha kho āyasmā ānando yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘esā, bhante, mahāpajāpatī gotamī sūnehi pādehi rajokiṇṇena gattena dukkhī dummanā assumukhī rudamānā bahidvārakoṭṭhake ṭhitā – ‘na bhagavā anujānāti mātugāmassa tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajja’nti. Sādhu, bhante, labheyya mātugāmo tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajja’’nti. ‘‘Alaṃ, ānanda! Mā te rucci mātugāmassa tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajjā’’ti.

Dutiyampi kho…pe… tatiyampi kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sādhu, bhante, labheyya mātugāmo tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajja’’nti. ‘‘Alaṃ, ānanda! Mā te rucci mātugāmassa tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajjā’’ti.


51\ 一时，世尊住在释迦族中迦毗罗卫城（今尼泊尔蓝毗尼附近）的尼拘律园。这时，大波阇波提·瞿昙弥来到世尊处，到已，礼敬世尊后，站在一旁。站在一旁的大波阇波提·瞿昙弥对世尊如是说："善哉，尊者，愿女人能在如来所说的法与律中，从在家出家为无家者。""够了，瞿昙弥！不要希望女人在如来所说的法与律中，从在家出家为无家者。"
第二次，大波阇波提·瞿昙弥对世尊如是说："善哉，尊者，愿女人能在如来所说的法与律中，从在家出家为无家者。""够了，瞿昙弥！不要希望女人在如来所说的法与律中，从在家出家为无家者。"第三次，大波阇波提·瞿昙弥对世尊如是说："善哉，尊者，愿女人能在如来所说的法与律中，从在家出家为无家者。""够了，瞿昙弥！不要希望女人在如来所说的法与律中，从在家出家为无家者。"
这时，大波阇波提·瞿昙弥[想]："世尊不允许女人在如来所说的法与律中，从在家出家为无家者"，悲伤、忧郁、泪流满面、哭泣着，礼敬世尊，右绕后离去。
这时，世尊在迦毗罗卫城随意住已，向毗舍离（今印度比哈尔邦)游化而去。次第游化，到达毗舍离。在那里，世尊住在毗舍离大林重阁讲堂。这时，大波阇波提·瞿昙弥剃除头发，披上袈裟衣，与众多释迦族女人一起向毗舍离出发。次第到达毗舍离大林重阁讲堂。这时，大波阇波提·瞿昙弥双足肿胀，身体沾满尘土，悲伤、忧郁、泪流满面、哭泣着，站在外门楼。
尊者阿难见到大波阇波提·瞿昙弥双足肿胀，身体沾满尘土，悲伤、忧郁、泪流满面、哭泣着，站在外门楼。见已，对大波阇波提·瞿昙弥如是说："瞿昙弥，你为何双足肿胀，身体沾满尘土，悲伤、忧郁、泪流满面、哭泣着，站在外门楼？""尊者阿难，因为世尊不允许女人在如来所说的法与律中，从在家出家为无家者。""那么，瞿昙弥，请在此稍待片刻，我去请求世尊允许女人在如来所说的法与律中，从在家出家为无家者。"
这时，尊者阿难来到世尊处，到已，礼敬世尊后，坐在一旁。坐在一旁的尊者阿难对世尊如是说："尊者，那大波阇波提·瞿昙弥双足肿胀，身体沾满尘土，悲伤、忧郁、泪流满面、哭泣着，站在外门楼，[说]'世尊不允许女人在如来所说的法与律中，从在家出家为无家者'。善哉，尊者，愿女人能在如来所说的法与律中，从在家出家为无家者。""够了，阿难！不要希望女人在如来所说的法与律中，从在家出家为无家者。"
第二次乃至第三次，尊者阿难对世尊如是说："善哉，尊者，愿女人能在如来所说的法与律中，从在家出家为无家者。""够了，阿难！不要希望女人在如来所说的法与律中，从在家出家为无家者。"


Atha kho āyasmato ānandassa etadahosi – ‘‘na bhagavā anujānāti mātugāmassa tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajjaṃ. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ aññenapi pariyāyena bhagavantaṃ yāceyyaṃ mātugāmassa tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajja’’nti. Atha kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘bhabbo nu kho, bhante, mātugāmo tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitvā sotāpattiphalaṃ vā sakadāgāmiphalaṃ vā anāgāmiphalaṃ vā arahattaphalaṃ vā sacchikātu’’nti? ‘‘Bhabbo, ānanda, mātugāmo tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitvā sotāpattiphalampi sakadāgāmiphalampi anāgāmiphalampi arahattaphalampi sacchikātu’’nti. ‘‘Sace, bhante, bhabbo mātugāmo tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitvā sotāpattiphalampi…pe… arahattaphalampi sacchikātuṃ, bahukārā, bhante, mahāpajāpatī gotamī bhagavato mātucchā āpādikā posikā khīrassa dāyikā; bhagavantaṃ janettiyā kālaṅkatāya thaññaṃ pāyesi. Sādhu, bhante, labheyya mātugāmo tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajja’’nti.

‘‘Sace, ānanda, mahāpajāpatī gotamī aṭṭha garudhamme paṭiggaṇhāti, sāvassā hotu upasampadā –

[pāci. 149; cūḷava. 403] ‘‘Vassasatūpasampannāya bhikkhuniyā tadahūpasampannassa bhikkhuno abhivādanaṃ paccuṭṭhānaṃ añjalikammaṃ sāmīcikammaṃ kattabbaṃ. Ayampi dhammo sakkatvā garuṃ katvā [garukatvā (sī. syā. pī.)] mānetvā pūjetvā yāvajīvaṃ anatikkamanīyo.

‘‘Na bhikkhuniyā abhikkhuke āvāse vassaṃ upagantabbaṃ. Ayampi dhammo sakkatvā garuṃ katvā mānetvā pūjetvā yāvajīvaṃ anatikkamanīyo.

‘‘Anvaḍḍhamāsaṃ bhikkhuniyā bhikkhusaṅghato dve dhammā paccāsīsitabbā [paccāsiṃsitabbā (sī. syā. pī.)] – uposathapucchakañca, ovādūpasaṅkamanañca . Ayampi dhammo sakkatvā garuṃ katvā mānetvā pūjetvā yāvajīvaṃ anatikkamanīyo.

‘‘Vassaṃvuṭṭhāya bhikkhuniyā ubhatosaṅghe tīhi ṭhānehi pavāretabbaṃ – diṭṭhena vā sutena vā parisaṅkāya vā. Ayampi dhammo sakkatvā garuṃ katvā mānetvā pūjetvā yāvajīvaṃ anatikkamanīyo.

‘‘Garudhammaṃ ajjhāpannāya bhikkhuniyā ubhatosaṅghe pakkhamānattaṃ caritabbaṃ. Ayampi dhammo sakkatvā garuṃ katvā mānetvā pūjetvā yāvajīvaṃ anatikkamanīyo.

‘‘Dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhāya sikkhamānāya ubhatosaṅghe upasampadā pariyesitabbā. Ayampi dhammo sakkatvā garuṃ katvā mānetvā pūjetvā yāvajīvaṃ anatikkamanīyo.

‘‘Na kenaci pariyāyena bhikkhuniyā bhikkhu akkositabbo paribhāsitabbo. Ayampi dhammo sakkatvā garuṃ katvā mānetvā pūjetvā yāvajīvaṃ anatikkamanīyo.

‘‘Ajjatagge ovaṭo bhikkhunīnaṃ bhikkhūsu vacanapatho, anovaṭo bhikkhūnaṃ bhikkhunīsu vacanapatho. Ayampi dhammo sakkatvā garuṃ katvā mānetvā pūjetvā yāvajīvaṃ anatikkamanīyo.

‘‘Sace, ānanda, mahāpajāpatī gotamī ime aṭṭha garudhamme paṭiggaṇhāti, sāvassā hotu upasampadā’’ti.

Atha kho āyasmā ānando bhagavato santike ime aṭṭha garudhamme uggahetvā yena mahāpajāpatī gotamī tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā mahāpajāpatiṃ gotamiṃ etadavoca –

‘‘Sace kho tvaṃ, gotami, aṭṭha garudhamme paṭiggaṇheyyāsi, sāva te bhavissati upasampadā –

‘‘Vassasatūpasampannāya bhikkhuniyā tadahūpasampannassa bhikkhuno abhivādanaṃ paccuṭṭhānaṃ añjalikammaṃ sāmīcikammaṃ kattabbaṃ. Ayampi dhammo sakkatvā garuṃ katvā mānetvā pūjetvā yāvajīvaṃ anatikkamanīyo…pe….

‘‘Ajjatagge ovaṭo bhikkhunīnaṃ bhikkhūsu vacanapatho, anovaṭo bhikkhūnaṃ bhikkhunīsu vacanapatho. Ayampi dhammo sakkatvā garuṃ katvā mānetvā pūjetvā yāvajīvaṃ anatikkamanīyo. Sace kho tvaṃ, gotami, ime aṭṭha garudhamme paṭiggaṇheyyāsi, sāva te bhavissati upasampadā’’ti.


这时，尊者阿难想："世尊不允许女人在如来所说的法与律中，从在家出家为无家者。我何不以另一种方式请求世尊允许女人在如来所说的法与律中，从在家出家为无家者。"于是尊者阿难对世尊如是说："尊者，女人在如来所说的法与律中从在家出家为无家者后，能否证得预流果、一来果、不还果或阿罗汉果？""阿难，女人在如来所说的法与律中从在家出家为无家者后，能证得预流果、一来果、不还果及阿罗汉果。""尊者，如果女人在如来所说的法与律中从在家出家为无家者后，能证得预流果乃至阿罗汉果，**阇波提·瞿昙弥对世尊有大恩，是姨母、养育者、哺乳者，在世尊生母去世后哺育世尊。善哉，尊者，愿女人能在如来所说的法与律中，从在家出家为无家者。"
"阿难，如果**阇波提·瞿昙弥接受八重法，这就是她的具足戒——
"已受具足戒百年的比丘尼应对当天受具足戒的比丘行礼拜、起立、合掌、恭敬。此法应恭敬、尊重、尊崇、供养，终生不得违犯。
"比丘尼不得在无比丘的住处度过雨安居。此法应恭敬、尊重、尊崇、供养，终生不得违犯。
"比丘尼每半月应从比丘僧团请求两件事：问布萨和前往听教诫。此法应恭敬、尊重、尊崇、供养，终生不得违犯。
"比丘尼在雨安居结束时，应在两部僧团中就三事自恣：所见、所闻或所疑。此法应恭敬、尊重、尊崇、供养，终生不得违犯。
"比丘尼若犯重法，应在两部僧团中行半月摩那埵。此法应恭敬、尊重、尊崇、供养，终生不得违犯。
"式叉摩那在六法上学习两年后，应向两部僧团求具足戒。此法应恭敬、尊重、尊崇、供养，终生不得违犯。
"比丘尼不得以任何方式辱骂、责备比丘。此法应恭敬、尊重、尊崇、供养，终生不得违犯。
"从今日起，比丘尼对比丘的言路已关闭，比丘对比丘尼的言路未关闭。此法应恭敬、尊重、尊崇、供养，终生不得违犯。
"阿难，如果**阇波提·瞿昙弥接受这八重法，这就是她的具足戒。"
这时，尊者阿难从世尊处领受这八重法后，来到阇波提·瞿昙弥处。到已，对阇波提·瞿昙弥如是说：
"瞿昙弥，如果你接受八重法，这就是你的具足戒——
"已受具足戒百年的比丘尼应对当天受具足戒的比丘行礼拜、起立、合掌、恭敬。此法应恭敬、尊重、尊崇、供养，终生不得违犯。[中略]
"从今日起，比丘尼对比丘的言路已关闭，比丘对比丘尼的言路未关闭。此法应恭敬、尊重、尊崇、供养，终生不得违犯。瞿昙弥，如果你接受这八重法，这就是你的具足戒。"


‘‘Seyyathāpi , bhante ānanda, itthī vā puriso vā daharo yuvā maṇḍanakajātiko [maṇḍanakajātiyo (sī. pī.)] sīsaṃnhāto [sīsaṃnahāto (sī. pī.), sīsanahāto (syā.)] uppalamālaṃ vā vassikamālaṃ vā adhimuttakamālaṃ [atimuttakamālaṃ (sī.)] vā labhitvā ubhohi hatthehi paṭiggahetvā uttamaṅge sirasmiṃ patiṭṭhāpeyya; evamevaṃ kho ahaṃ, bhante ānanda, ime aṭṭha garudhamme paṭiggaṇhāmi yāvajīvaṃ anatikkamanīye’’ti.

Atha kho āyasmā ānando yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘paṭiggahitā, bhante, mahāpajāpatiyā gotamiyā aṭṭha garudhammā yāvajīvaṃ anatikkamanīyā’’ti.

‘‘Sace, ānanda, nālabhissa mātugāmo tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajjaṃ, ciraṭṭhitikaṃ, ānanda, brahmacariyaṃ abhavissa, vassasahassameva saddhammo tiṭṭheyya. Yato ca kho, ānanda, mātugāmo tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito, na dāni, ānanda, brahmacariyaṃ ciraṭṭhitikaṃ bhavissati. Pañceva dāni, ānanda, vassasatāni saddhammo ṭhassati.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, ānanda, yāni kānici kulāni bahutthikāni [bahukitthikāni (sī. pī.), bahuitthikāni (syā.)] appapurisakāni, tāni suppadhaṃsiyāni honti corehi kumbhatthenakehi; evamevaṃ kho, ānanda, yasmiṃ dhammavinaye labhati mātugāmo agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajjaṃ, na taṃ brahmacariyaṃ ciraṭṭhitikaṃ hoti.

‘‘Seyyathāpi , ānanda, sampanne sālikkhette setaṭṭhikā nāma rogajāti nipatati, evaṃ taṃ sālikkhettaṃ na ciraṭṭhitikaṃ hoti; evamevaṃ kho, ānanda, yasmiṃ dhammavinaye labhati mātugāmo agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajjaṃ, na taṃ brahmacariyaṃ ciraṭṭhitikaṃ hoti.

‘‘Seyyathāpi , ānanda, sampanne ucchukkhette mañjiṭṭhikā [mañjeṭṭhikā (sī. syā.)] nāma rogajāti nipatati, evaṃ taṃ ucchukkhettaṃ na ciraṭṭhitikaṃ hoti; evamevaṃ kho, ānanda, yasmiṃ dhammavinaye labhati mātugāmo agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajjaṃ, na taṃ brahmacariyaṃ ciraṭṭhitikaṃ hoti.

‘‘Seyyathāpi , ānanda, puriso mahato taḷākassa paṭikacceva [paṭigacceva (sī. pī.)] āḷiṃ bandheyya yāvadeva udakassa anatikkamanāya; evamevaṃ kho, ānanda, mayā paṭikacceva bhikkhunīnaṃ aṭṭha garudhammā paññattā yāvajīvaṃ anatikkamanīyā’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

2. Ovādasuttaṃ

52. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṃ. Atha kho āyasmā ānando yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘katihi nu kho, bhante, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu bhikkhunovādako sammannitabbo’’ti?

[pāci. 147] ‘‘Aṭṭhahi kho, ānanda, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu bhikkhunovādako sammannitabbo. Katamehi aṭṭhahi? Idhānanda, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti…pe… samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu; bahussuto hoti…pe… diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā; ubhayāni kho panassa pātimokkhāni vitthārena svāgatāni honti suvibhattāni suppavattīni suvinicchitāni suttaso anubyañjanaso; kalyāṇavāco hoti kalyāṇavākkaraṇo, poriyā vācāya samannāgato vissaṭṭhāya [visaṭṭhāya (ka.)] anelagaḷāya [aneḷagaḷāya (sī. ka.)] atthassa viññāpaniyā; paṭibalo hoti bhikkhunisaṅghassa dhammiyā kathāya sandassetuṃ samādapetuṃ samuttejetuṃ sampahaṃsetuṃ; yebhuyyena bhikkhunīnaṃ piyo hoti manāpo; na kho panetaṃ bhagavantaṃ uddissa pabbajitāya kāsāyavatthanivasanāya garudhammaṃ ajjhāpannapubbo hoti; vīsativasso vā hoti atirekavīsativasso vā. Imehi kho, ānanda, aṭṭhahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu bhikkhunovādako sammannitabbo’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.

3. Saṃkhittasuttaṃ



"尊者阿难，就像年轻的男子或女子，爱好装饰，洗净头后，得到青莲花环、茉莉花环或菩提花环，用双手接受，戴在头上最高处；同样地，尊者阿难，我接受这八重法，终生不违犯。"
这时，尊者阿难来到世尊处，到已，礼敬世尊后，坐在一旁。坐在一旁的尊者阿难对世尊如是说："尊者，摩诃波阇波提·瞿昙弥已接受八重法，终生不违犯。"
"阿难，如果女人不能在如来所说的法与律中从在家出家为无家者，阿难，梵行就会长久住世，正法就会住世一千年。但是，阿难，由于女人在如来所说的法与律中从在家出家为无家者，阿难，现在梵行将不会长久住世。阿难，正法现在将只住世五百年。
"阿难，就像任何女多男少的家族，容易被盗贼、窃贼侵犯；同样地，阿难，在任何法与律中，若女人从在家出家为无家者，那梵行就不会长久住世。
"阿难，就像在成熟的稻田中，有一种叫白茎的病害降临，那稻田就不会长久持续；同样地，阿难，在任何法与律中，若女人从在家出家为无家者，那梵行就不会长久住世。
"阿难，就像在成熟的甘蔗田中，有一种叫红腐的病害降临，那甘蔗田就不会长久持续；同样地，阿难，在任何法与律中，若女人从在家出家为无家者，那梵行就不会长久住世。
"阿难，就像有人预先为大水池筑堤，为了不让水溢出；同样地，阿难，我预先为比丘尼制定八重法，终生不得违犯。"第一则。
2\ 教诫经
52\ 一时，世尊住在毗舍离（今印度比哈尔邦）大林重阁讲堂。这时，尊者阿难来到世尊处，到已，礼敬世尊后，坐在一旁。坐在一旁的尊者阿难对世尊如是说："尊者，比丘具足几法，应被选为比丘尼教诫者？"
"阿难，比丘具足八法，应被选为比丘尼教诫者。什么是八法？阿难，在此，比丘具戒...乃至...学习学处；多闻...乃至...以见善通达；他熟知两部波罗提木叉的广说，善分别，善诵持，善决定，依经依文；善言善语，具足优雅语言，清晰无碍，能令人理解意义；能以如法之语教示、劝导、鼓励、令欢喜比丘尼僧团；为大多数比丘尼所喜爱、欢迎；不曾对着世尊出家、披着袈裟衣者违犯重法；年满二十岁或超过二十岁。阿难，比丘具足这八法，应被选为比丘尼教诫者。"第二则。
3\ 略说经

53.[cūḷava. 406] Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṃ. Atha kho mahāpajāpatī gotamī yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho sā mahāpajāpatī gotamī bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –

‘‘Sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā saṃkhittena dhammaṃ desetu, yamahaṃ bhagavato dhammaṃ sutvā ekā vūpakaṭṭhā appamattā ātāpinī pahitattā vihareyya’’nti. ‘‘Ye kho tvaṃ, gotami, dhamme jāneyyāsi – ‘ime dhammā sarāgāya saṃvattanti, no virāgāya; saṃyogāya saṃvattanti, no visaṃyogāya; ācayāya saṃvattanti, no apacayāya; mahicchatāya saṃvattanti, no appicchatāya; asantuṭṭhiyā saṃvattanti, no santuṭṭhiyā; saṅgaṇikāya saṃvattanti, no pavivekāya; kosajjāya saṃvattanti, no vīriyārambhāya; dubbharatāya saṃvattanti, no subharatāyā’ti, ekaṃsena, gotami, dhāreyyāsi – ‘neso dhammo, neso vinayo, netaṃ satthusāsana’’’nti .

‘‘Ye ca kho tvaṃ, gotami, dhamme jāneyyāsi – ‘ime dhammā virāgāya saṃvattanti, no sarāgāya; visaṃyogāya saṃvattanti, no saṃyogāya; apacayāya saṃvattanti, no ācayāya; appicchatāya saṃvattanti, no mahicchatāya; santuṭṭhiyā saṃvattanti, no asantuṭṭhiyā; pavivekāya saṃvattanti, no saṅgaṇikāya ; vīriyārambhāya saṃvattanti, no kosajjāya; subharatāya saṃvattanti, no dubbharatāyā’ti, ekaṃsena, gotami, dhāreyyāsi – ‘eso dhammo, eso vinayo, etaṃ satthusāsana’’’nti. Tatiyaṃ.

4. Dīghajāṇusuttaṃ

54. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā koliyesu viharati kakkarapattaṃ nāma koliyānaṃ nigamo. Atha kho dīghajāṇu koliyaputto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho dīghajāṇu koliyaputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘mayaṃ, bhante, gihī kāmabhogino [kāmabhogī (sī. syā. pī.)] puttasambādhasayanaṃ ajjhāvasāma, kāsikacandanaṃ paccanubhoma , mālāgandhavilepanaṃ dhārayāma, jātarūparajataṃ sādayāma. Tesaṃ no, bhante, bhagavā amhākaṃ tathā dhammaṃ desetu ye amhākaṃ assu dhammā diṭṭhadhammahitāya diṭṭhadhammasukhāya, samparāyahitāya samparāyasukhāyā’’ti.

‘‘Cattārome, byagghapajja, dhammā kulaputtassa diṭṭhadhammahitāya saṃvattanti diṭṭhadhammasukhāya. Katame cattāro? Uṭṭhānasampadā, ārakkhasampadā, kalyāṇamittatā, samajīvitā [samajīvikatā (sī.) a. ni. 

53\ 一时，世尊住在毗舍离（今印度比哈尔邦）大林重阁讲堂。这时，摩诃波阇波提·瞿昙弥来到世尊处，到已，礼敬世尊后，站在一旁。站在一旁的摩诃波阇波提·瞿昙弥对世尊如是说：
"善哉，尊者，愿世尊为我略说法，我闻世尊之法后，可独处、不放逸、热忱、专注而住。""瞿昙弥，对于那些法，你若了知：'这些法导向贪欲，不导向离欲；导向系缚，不导向解脱；导向积聚，不导向损减；导向大欲，不导向少欲；导向不知足，不导向知足；导向群居，不导向独处；导向懈怠，不导向精进；导向难养，不导向易养'，瞿昙弥，你当一向地了知：'这不是法，这不是律，这不是师教。'
"瞿昙弥，对于那些法，你若了知：'这些法导向离欲，不导向贪欲；导向解脱，不导向系缚；导向损减，不导向积聚；导向少欲，不导向大欲；导向知足，不导向不知足；导向独处，不导向群居；导向精进，不导向懈怠；导向易养，不导向难养'，瞿昙弥，你当一向地了知：'这是法，这是律，这是师教。'"第三则。
4\ 长膝经
54\ 一时，世尊住在拘利族中名为卡卡拉帕塔的拘利族市镇。这时，拘利族人长膝来到世尊处，到已，礼敬世尊后，坐在一旁。坐在一旁的拘利族人长膝对世尊如是说："尊者，我们是在家人，享受欲乐，住在被子女拥挤的居所，享用迦尸栴檀，佩戴花鬘、香料、涂香，受用金银。尊者，愿世尊为我们说法，使我们有法得现世利益、现世安乐，来世利益、来世安乐。"
"虎足子，这四法能使良家子得现世利益、现世安乐。是哪四法？精勤具足、守护具足、善友谊、正命。

8.75]. Katamā ca, byagghapajja, uṭṭhānasampadā? Idha, byagghapajja, kulaputto yena kammaṭṭhānena jīvikaṃ [jīvitaṃ (ka.)] kappeti – yadi kasiyā, yadi vaṇijjāya, yadi gorakkhena, yadi issattena [issatthena (sī. syā. pī.)], yadi rājaporisena, yadi sippaññatarena – tattha dakkho hoti analaso, tatrupāyāya vīmaṃsāya samannāgato, alaṃ kātuṃ alaṃ saṃvidhātuṃ. Ayaṃ vuccati, byagghapajja, uṭṭhānasampadā.

‘‘Katamā ca, byagghapajja, ārakkhasampadā? Idha, byagghapajja, kulaputtassa bhogā honti uṭṭhānavīriyādhigatā bāhābalaparicitā, sedāvakkhittā, dhammikā dhammaladdhā. Te ārakkhena guttiyā sampādeti – ‘kinti me ime bhoge neva rājāno hareyyuṃ, na corā hareyyuṃ, na aggi ḍaheyya, na udakaṃ vaheyya, na appiyā dāyādā hareyyu’nti! Ayaṃ vuccati, byagghapajja, ārakkhasampadā.

‘‘Katamā ca, byagghapajja, kalyāṇamittatā? Idha, byagghapajja, kulaputto yasmiṃ gāme vā nigame vā paṭivasati, tattha ye te honti – gahapatī vā gahapatiputtā vā daharā vā vuddhasīlino, vuddhā vā vuddhasīlino, saddhāsampannā, sīlasampannā, cāgasampannā, paññāsampannā – tehi saddhiṃ santiṭṭhati sallapati sākacchaṃ samāpajjati; yathārūpānaṃ saddhāsampannānaṃ saddhāsampadaṃ anusikkhati, yathārūpānaṃ sīlasampannānaṃ sīlasampadaṃ anusikkhati, yathārūpānaṃ cāgasampannānaṃ cāgasampadaṃ anusikkhati, yathārūpānaṃ paññāsampannānaṃ paññāsampadaṃ anusikkhati. Ayaṃ vuccati, byagghapajja, kalyāṇamittatā.

‘‘Katamā ca, byagghapajja, samajīvitā? Idha, byagghapajja, kulaputto āyañca bhogānaṃ viditvā, vayañca bhogānaṃ viditvā, samaṃ jīvikaṃ [samajīvikaṃ (syā.), samajīvitaṃ (ka.)] kappeti nāccogāḷhaṃ nātihīnaṃ – ‘evaṃ me āyo vayaṃ pariyādāya ṭhassati, na ca me vayo āyaṃ pariyādāya ṭhassatī’ti. Seyyathāpi , byagghapajja, tulādhāro vā tulādhārantevāsī vā tulaṃ paggahetvā jānāti – ‘ettakena vā onataṃ [oṇataṃ (ka.)], ettakena vā unnata’nti [uṇṇatanti (ka.)]; evamevaṃ kho, byagghapajja, kulaputto āyañca bhogānaṃ viditvā, vayañca bhogānaṃ viditvā, samaṃ jīvikaṃ kappeti nāccogāḷhaṃ nātihīnaṃ – ‘evaṃ me āyo vayaṃ pariyādāya ṭhassati , na ca me vayo āyaṃ pariyādāya ṭhassatī’ti. Sacāyaṃ, byagghapajja, kulaputto appāyo samāno uḷāraṃ jīvikaṃ [jīvitaṃ (ka.)] kappeti, tassa bhavanti vattāro – ‘udumbarakhādīvāyaṃ [udumbarakhādikaṃ vāyaṃ (sī. pī.), udumbarakhādakaṃ cāyaṃ (syā.)] kulaputto bhoge khādatī’ti. Sace panāyaṃ, byagghapajja, kulaputto mahāyo samāno kasiraṃ jīvikaṃ [jīvitaṃ (ka.)] kappeti, tassa bhavanti vattāro – ‘ajeṭṭhamaraṇaṃvāyaṃ [ajaddhumārikaṃ vāyaṃ (sī. pī.), addhamārakaṃ cāyaṃ (syā.), ettha jaddhūti asanaṃ = bhattabhuñjanaṃ, tasmā ajaddhumārikanti anasanamaraṇanti vuttaṃ hoti. ma. ni. 

"虎足子，什么是精勤具足？在此，虎足子，良家子以某种职业谋生——或以耕种，或以经商，或以牧牛，或以射艺，或以王臣，或以其他技艺——他在其中熟练不懈怠，具足相应的观察方法，能够做、能够安排。虎足子，这称为精勤具足。
"虎足子，什么是守护具足？在此，虎足子，良家子有以精进努力获得，以臂力积累，以汗水赚取，如法获得的财富。他以守护保护使其具足——'怎样才能使我这些财富不被国王夺走，不被盗贼夺走，不被火烧毁，不被水冲走，不被不喜欢的继承人夺走！'虎足子，这称为守护具足。
"虎足子，什么是善友谊？在此，虎足子，良家子住在某个村落或市镇，在那里有这样的人——或居士或居士子，年轻而具戒或年长而具戒，具足信、具足戒、具足舍、具足慧——他与他们交往、谈话、参与讨论；随学具信者的信具足，随学具戒者的戒具足，随学具舍者的舍具足，随学具慧者的慧具足。虎足子，这称为善友谊。
"虎足子，什么是正命？在此，虎足子，良家子知道财富的收入，知道财富的支出，过着平衡的生活，不过分也不不及——'这样我的收入将超过支出，我的支出不会超过收入。'虎足子，就像称量者或称量者的弟子拿起秤后知道'低了这么多或高了这么多'；同样地，虎足子，良家子知道财富的收入，知道财富的支出，过着平衡的生活，不过分也不不及——'这样我的收入将超过支出，我的支出不会超过收入。'虎足子，如果这良家子收入少而过着奢侈的生活，人们会说：'这良家子像吃无花果一样消耗财富。'如果这良家子收入多而过着艰苦的生活，人们会说：'这良家子会饿死。

1.379 adholipiyā ‘‘ajaddhuka’’nti padaṃ dassitaṃ] kulaputto marissatī’ti. Yato ca khoyaṃ, byagghapajja, kulaputto āyañca bhogānaṃ viditvā, vayañca bhogānaṃ viditvā, samaṃ jīvikaṃ kappeti nāccogāḷhaṃ nātihīnaṃ – ‘evaṃ me āyo vayaṃ pariyādāya ṭhassati, na ca me vayo āyaṃ pariyādāya ṭhassatī’ti. Ayaṃ vuccati, byagghapajja, samajīvitā.

‘‘Evaṃ samuppannānaṃ, byagghapajja, bhogānaṃ cattāri apāyamukhāni honti – itthidhutto, surādhutto, akkhadhutto, pāpamitto pāpasahāyo pāpasampavaṅko. Seyyathāpi, byagghapajja, mahato taḷākassa cattāri ceva āyamukhāni, cattāri ca apāyamukhāni. Tassa puriso yāni ceva āyamukhāni tāni pidaheyya, yāni ca apāyamukhāni tāni vivareyya; devo ca na sammā dhāraṃ anuppaveccheyya. Evañhi tassa, byagghapajja, mahato taḷākassa parihāniyeva pāṭikaṅkhā, no vuddhi; evamevaṃ, byagghapajja, evaṃ samuppannānaṃ bhogānaṃ cattāri apāyamukhāni honti – itthidhutto, surādhutto, akkhadhutto, pāpamitto pāpasahāyo pāpasampavaṅko.

‘‘Evaṃ samuppannānaṃ, byagghapajja, bhogānaṃ cattāri āyamukhāni honti – na itthidhutto, na surādhutto, na akkhadhutto , kalyāṇamitto kalyāṇasahāyo kalyāṇasampavaṅko. Seyyathāpi, byagghapajja, mahato taḷākassa cattāri ceva āyamukhāni, cattāri ca apāyamukhāni. Tassa puriso yāni ceva āyamukhāni tāni vivareyya, yāni ca apāyamukhāni tāni pidaheyya; devo ca sammā dhāraṃ anuppaveccheyya. Evañhi tassa, byagghapajja, mahato taḷākassa vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihāni; evamevaṃ kho, byagghapajja, evaṃ samuppannānaṃ bhogānaṃ cattāri āyamukhāni honti – na itthidhutto , na surādhutto, na akkhadhutto, kalyāṇamitto kalyāṇasahāyo kalyāṇasampavaṅko. Ime kho, byagghapajja, cattāro dhammā kulaputtassa diṭṭhadhammahitāya saṃvattanti diṭṭhadhammasukhāya.

‘‘Cattārome, byagghapajja, dhammā kulaputtassa samparāyahitāya saṃvattanti samparāyasukhāya. Katame cattāro? Saddhāsampadā, sīlasampadā , cāgasampadā, paññāsampadā. Katamā ca, byagghapajja, saddhāsampadā? Idha, byagghapajja, kulaputto saddho hoti, saddahati tathāgatassa bodhiṃ – ‘itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti. Ayaṃ vuccati, byagghapajja, saddhāsampadā.

‘‘Katamā ca, byagghapajja, sīlasampadā? Idha, byagghapajja, kulaputto pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti…pe… surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato hoti. Ayaṃ vuccati, byagghapajja, sīlasampadā.

‘‘Katamā ca, byagghapajja, cāgasampadā? Idha, byagghapajja, kulaputto vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati muttacāgo payatapāṇi vossaggarato yācayogo dānasaṃvibhāgarato. Ayaṃ vuccati, byagghapajja, cāgasampadā.

‘‘Katamā ca, byagghapajja, paññāsampadā? Idha , byagghapajja, kulaputto paññavā hoti, udayatthagāminiyā paññāya samannāgato ariyāya nibbedhikāya sammā dukkhakkhayagāminiyā. Ayaṃ vuccati, byagghapajja, paññāsampadā. Ime kho, byagghapajja, cattāro dhammā kulaputtassa samparāyahitāya saṃvattanti samparāyasukhāyā’’ti.

‘‘Uṭṭhātā kammadheyyesu, appamatto vidhānavā;

Samaṃ kappeti jīvikaṃ [jīvitaṃ (ka.)], sambhataṃ anurakkhati.

‘‘Saddho sīlena sampanno, vadaññū vītamaccharo;

Niccaṃ maggaṃ visodheti, sotthānaṃ samparāyikaṃ.

‘‘Iccete aṭṭha dhammā ca, saddhassa gharamesino;

Akkhātā saccanāmena, ubhayattha sukhāvahā.

‘‘Diṭṭhadhammahitatthāya, samparāyasukhāya ca;

Evametaṃ gahaṭṭhānaṃ, cāgo puññaṃ pavaḍḍhatī’’ti. catutthaṃ;

5. Ujjayasuttaṃ



"但是，虎足子，当良家子知道财富的收入，知道财富的支出，过着平衡的生活，不过分也不不及——'这样我的收入将超过支出，我的支出不会超过收入'，虎足子，这称为正命。
"虎足子，如此获得的财富有四种损失之门：沉溺女色、沉溺饮酒、沉溺赌博、恶友、恶伴、恶伙伴。虎足子，就像一个大水池有四个进水口和四个出水口，如果有人关闭进水口而打开出水口，天又不适时降雨。虎足子，这样那大水池必定衰减，不会增长；同样地，虎足子，如此获得的财富有四种损失之门：沉溺女色、沉溺饮酒、沉溺赌博、恶友、恶伴、恶伙伴。
"虎足子，如此获得的财富有四种增长之门：不沉溺女色、不沉溺饮酒、不沉溺赌博、善友、善伴、善伙伴。虎足子，就像一个大水池有四个进水口和四个出水口，如果有人打开进水口而关闭出水口，天又适时降雨。虎足子，这样那大水池必定增长，不会衰减；同样地，虎足子，如此获得的财富有四种增长之门：不沉溺女色、不沉溺饮酒、不沉溺赌博、善友、善伴、善伙伴。虎足子，这四法能使良家子得现世利益、现世安乐。
"虎足子，这四法能使良家子得来世利益、来世安乐。是哪四法？信具足、戒具足、舍具足、慧具足。虎足子，什么是信具足？在此，虎足子，良家子有信，相信如来的觉悟——'世尊确实是...乃至...天人师、佛、世尊。'虎足子，这称为信具足。
"虎足子，什么是戒具足？在此，虎足子，良家子离杀生...乃至...离饮酒放逸处。虎足子，这称为戒具足。
"虎足子，什么是舍具足？在此，虎足子，良家子以离垢吝啬之心住在家中，解脱施舍，净手施与，乐于舍弃，乐于被乞求，乐于布施分享。虎足子，这称为舍具足。
"虎足子，什么是慧具足？在此，虎足子，良家子有慧，具足能见生灭的智慧，具足圣者的通达智慧，能正确趣向苦的止息。虎足子，这称为慧具足。虎足子，这四法能使良家子得来世利益、来世安乐。"
"精勤于职责中，不放逸有智慧，
平衡安排生活，守护所积聚。
具信戒圆满，慷慨无吝啬，
常净化道路，通往后世安。
此八法所说，信者求家居，
以实名宣说，两世皆安乐。
为现世利益，及后世安乐，
如是在家众，舍施福增长。"第四则。
5\ 郁阇经

55. Atha kho ujjayo brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho ujjayo brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘mayaṃ, bho gotama, pavāsaṃ gantukāmā. Tesaṃ no bhavaṃ gotamo amhākaṃ tathā dhammaṃ desetu – ye amhākaṃ assu dhammā diṭṭhadhammahitāya, diṭṭhadhammasukhāya, samparāyahitāya, samparāyasukhāyā’’ti.

‘‘Cattārome, brāhmaṇa, dhammā kulaputtassa diṭṭhadhammahitāya saṃvattanti, diṭṭhadhammasukhāya. Katame cattāro? Uṭṭhānasampadā , ārakkhasampadā, kalyāṇamittatā, samajīvitā. Katamā ca, brāhmaṇa, uṭṭhānasampadā? Idha, brāhmaṇa, kulaputto yena kammaṭṭhānena jīvikaṃ kappeti – yadi kasiyā, yadi vaṇijjāya, yadi gorakkhena, yadi issattena, yadi rājaporisena, yadi sippaññatarena – tattha dakkho hoti analaso, tatrupāyāya vīmaṃsāya samannāgato, alaṃ kātuṃ alaṃ saṃvidhātuṃ. Ayaṃ vuccati, brāhmaṇa, uṭṭhānasampadā.

‘‘Katamā ca, brāhmaṇa, ārakkhasampadā? Idha, brāhmaṇa, kulaputtassa bhogā honti uṭṭhānavīriyādhigatā, bāhābalaparicitā, sedāvakkhittā, dhammikā dhammaladdhā. Te ārakkhena guttiyā sampādeti – ‘kinti me ime bhoge neva rājāno hareyyuṃ, na corā hareyyuṃ, na aggi ḍaheyya, na udakaṃ vaheyya, na appiyā dāyādā hareyyu’nti. Ayaṃ vuccati, brāhmaṇa, ārakkhasampadā.

‘‘Katamā ca, brāhmaṇa, kalyāṇamittatā? Idha, brāhmaṇa, kulaputto yasmiṃ gāme vā nigame vā paṭivasati tatra ye te honti – gahapatī vā gahapatiputtā vā daharā vā vuddhasīlino, vuddhā vā vuddhasīlino, saddhāsampannā, sīlasampannā, cāgasampannā, paññāsampannā – tehi saddhiṃ santiṭṭhati sallapati sākacchaṃ samāpajjati; yathārūpānaṃ saddhāsampannānaṃ saddhāsampadaṃ anusikkhati, yathārūpānaṃ sīlasampannānaṃ sīlasampadaṃ anusikkhati, yathārūpānaṃ cāgasampannānaṃ cāgasampadaṃ anusikkhati, yathārūpānaṃ paññāsampannānaṃ paññāsampadaṃ anusikkhati. Ayaṃ vuccati, brāhmaṇa, kalyāṇamittatā.

‘‘Katamā ca, brāhmaṇa, samajīvitā? Idha, brāhmaṇa, kulaputto āyañca bhogānaṃ viditvā vayañca bhogānaṃ viditvā samaṃ jīvikaṃ kappeti nāccogāḷhaṃ nātihīnaṃ – ‘evaṃ me āyo vayaṃ pariyādāya ṭhassati, na ca me vayo āyaṃ pariyādāya ṭhassatī’ti. Seyyathāpi, brāhmaṇa, tulādhāro vā tulādhārantevāsī vā tulaṃ paggahetvā jānāti – ‘ettakena vā onataṃ, ettakena vā unnata’nti; evamevaṃ kho, brāhmaṇa, kulaputto āyañca bhogānaṃ viditvā vayañca bhogānaṃ viditvā samaṃ jīvikaṃ kappeti nāccogāḷhaṃ nātihīnaṃ – ‘evaṃ me āyo vayaṃ pariyādāya ṭhassati, na ca me vayo āyaṃ pariyādāya ṭhassatī’ti. Sacāyaṃ, brāhmaṇa, kulaputto appāyo samāno uḷāraṃ jīvikaṃ kappeti, tassa bhavanti vattāro – ‘udumbarakhādīvāyaṃ kulaputto bhoge khādatī’ti. Sace panāyaṃ, brāhmaṇa, kulaputto mahāyo samāno kasiraṃ jīvikaṃ kappeti, tassa bhavanti vattāro – ‘ajeṭṭhamaraṇaṃvāyaṃ kulaputto marissatī’ti. Yato ca khoyaṃ, brāhmaṇa, kulaputto āyañca bhogānaṃ viditvā vayañca bhogānaṃ viditvā samaṃ jīvikaṃ kappeti nāccogāḷhaṃ nātihīnaṃ – ‘evaṃ me āyo vayaṃ pariyādāya ṭhassati, na ca me vayo āyaṃ pariyādāya ṭhassatī’ti, ayaṃ vuccati, brāhmaṇa, samajīvitā.

‘‘Evaṃ samuppannānaṃ, brāhmaṇa, bhogānaṃ cattāri apāyamukhāni honti – itthidhutto, surādhutto, akkhadhutto, pāpamitto pāpasahāyo pāpasampavaṅko. Seyyathāpi, brāhmaṇa, mahato taḷākassa cattāri ceva āyamukhāni, cattāri ca apāyamukhāni. Tassa puriso yāni ceva āyamukhāni tāni pidaheyya, yāni ca apāyamukhāni tāni vivareyya; devo ca na sammā dhāraṃ anuppaveccheyya. Evañhi tassa brāhmaṇa , mahato taḷākassa parihāniyeva pāṭikaṅkhā, no vuddhi ; evamevaṃ kho, brāhmaṇa, evaṃ samuppannānaṃ bhogānaṃ cattāri apāyamukhāni honti – itthidhutto, surādhutto, akkhadhutto, pāpamitto pāpasahāyo pāpasampavaṅko.


55\ 这时，婆罗门郁阇来到世尊处，到已，与世尊互相问候。互相问候、寒暄已，坐在一旁。坐在一旁的婆罗门郁阇对世尊如是说："尊者乔达摩，我们想要外出旅行。愿尊者乔达摩为我们说法，使我们有法得现世利益、现世安乐，来世利益、来世安乐。"
"婆罗门，这四法能使良家子得现世利益、现世安乐。是哪四法？精勤具足、守护具足、善友谊、正命。婆罗门，什么是精勤具足？在此，婆罗门，良家子以某种职业谋生——或以耕种，或以经商，或以牧牛，或以射艺，或以王臣，或以其他技艺——他在其中熟练不懈怠，具足相应的观察方法，能够做、能够安排。婆罗门，这称为精勤具足。
"婆罗门，什么是守护具足？在此，婆罗门，良家子有以精进努力获得，以臂力积累，以汗水赚取，如法获得的财富。他以守护保护使其具足——'怎样才能使我这些财富不被国王夺走，不被盗贼夺走，不被火烧毁，不被水冲走，不被不喜欢的继承人夺走！'婆罗门，这称为守护具足。
"婆罗门，什么是善友谊？在此，婆罗门，良家子住在某个村落或市镇，在那里有这样的人——或居士或居士子，年轻而具戒或年长而具戒，具足信、具足戒、具足舍、具足慧——他与他们交往、谈话、参与讨论；随学具信者的信具足，随学具戒者的戒具足，随学具舍者的舍具足，随学具慧者的慧具足。婆罗门，这称为善友谊。
"婆罗门，什么是正命？在此，婆罗门，良家子知道财富的收入，知道财富的支出，过着平衡的生活，不过分也不不及——'这样我的收入将超过支出，我的支出不会超过收入。'婆罗门，就像称量者或称量者的弟子拿起秤后知道'低了这么多或高了这么多'；同样地，婆罗门，良家子知道财富的收入，知道财富的支出，过着平衡的生活，不过分也不不及——'这样我的收入将超过支出，我的支出不会超过收入。'婆罗门，如果这良家子收入少而过着奢侈的生活，人们会说：'这良家子像吃无花果一样消耗财富。'如果这良家子收入多而过着艰苦的生活，人们会说：'这良家子会饿死。'但是，婆罗门，当良家子知道财富的收入，知道财富的支出，过着平衡的生活，不过分也不不及——'这样我的收入将超过支出，我的支出不会超过收入'，婆罗门，这称为正命。
"婆罗门，如此获得的财富有四种损失之门：沉溺女色、沉溺饮酒、沉溺赌博、恶友、恶伴、恶伙伴。婆罗门，就像一个大水池有四个进水口和四个出水口，如果有人关闭进水口而打开出水口，天又不适时降雨。这样，婆罗门，那大水池必定衰减，不会增长；同样地，婆罗门，如此获得的财富有四种损失之门：沉溺女色、沉溺饮酒、沉溺赌博、恶友、恶伴、恶伙伴。


‘‘Evaṃ samuppannānaṃ, brāhmaṇa, bhogānaṃ cattāri āyamukhāni honti – na itthidhutto, na surādhutto, na akkhadhutto, kalyāṇamitto kalyāṇasahāyo kalyāṇasampavaṅko. Seyyathāpi, brāhmaṇa, mahato taḷākassa cattāri ceva āyamukhāni cattāri ca apāyamukhāni. Tassa puriso yāni ceva āyamukhāni tāni vivareyya, yāni ca apāyamukhāni tāni pidaheyya; devo ca sammā dhāraṃ anuppaveccheyya. Evañhi tassa, brāhmaṇa, mahato taḷākassa vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā, no parihāni; evamevaṃ kho, brāhmaṇa, evaṃ samuppannānaṃ bhogānaṃ cattāri āyamukhāni honti – na itthidhutto…pe… kalyāṇasampavaṅko. Ime kho, brāhmaṇa, cattāro dhammā kulaputtassa diṭṭhadhammahitāya saṃvattanti diṭṭhadhammasukhāya.

‘‘Cattārome, brāhmaṇa, kulaputtassa dhammā samparāyahitāya saṃvattanti samparāyasukhāya. Katame cattāro? Saddhāsampadā, sīlasampadā, cāgasampadā, paññāsampadā. Katamā ca, brāhmaṇa, saddhāsampadā? Idha, brāhmaṇa, kulaputto saddho hoti, saddahati tathāgatassa bodhiṃ – ‘itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti. Ayaṃ vuccati, brāhmaṇa, saddhāsampadā.

‘‘Katamā ca, brāhmaṇa, sīlasampadā? Idha, brāhmaṇa, kulaputto pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti…pe… surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato hoti. Ayaṃ vuccati, brāhmaṇa, sīlasampadā.

‘‘Katamā ca, brāhmaṇa, cāgasampadā? Idha , brāhmaṇa, kulaputto vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati muttacāgo payatapāṇi vossaggarato yācayogo dānasaṃvibhāgarato. Ayaṃ vuccati, brāhmaṇa, cāgasampadā.

‘‘Katamā ca, brāhmaṇa, paññāsampadā? Idha, brāhmaṇa, kulaputto paññavā hoti…pe… sammā dukkhakkhayagāminiyā. Ayaṃ vuccati, brāhmaṇa, paññāsampadā. Ime kho, brāhmaṇa, cattāro dhammā kulaputtassa samparāyahitāya saṃvattanti samparāyasukhāyā’’ti.

‘‘Uṭṭhātā kammadheyyesu, appamatto vidhānavā;

Samaṃ kappeti jīvikaṃ, sambhataṃ anurakkhati.

‘‘Saddho sīlena sampanno, vadaññū vītamaccharo;

Niccaṃ maggaṃ visodheti, sotthānaṃ samparāyikaṃ.

‘‘Iccete aṭṭha dhammā ca, saddhassa gharamesino;

Akkhātā saccanāmena, ubhayattha sukhāvahā.

‘‘Diṭṭhadhammahitatthāya, samparāyasukhāya ca;

Evametaṃ gahaṭṭhānaṃ, cāgo puññaṃ pavaḍḍhatī’’ti. pañcamaṃ;

6. Bhayasuttaṃ

56. ‘‘‘Bhaya’nti [cūḷani. khaggavisāṇasuttaniddesa 137], bhikkhave, kāmānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ. ‘Dukkha’nti, bhikkhave, kāmānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ. ‘Rogo’ti, bhikkhave, kāmānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ. ‘Gaṇḍo’ti, bhikkhave, kāmānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ. ‘Salla’nti, bhikkhave, kāmānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ. ‘Saṅgo’ti, bhikkhave, kāmānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ. ‘Paṅko’ti, bhikkhave, kāmānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ . ‘Gabbho’ti, bhikkhave, kāmānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Kasmā ca, bhikkhave, ‘bhaya’nti kāmānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ? Yasmā ca kāmarāgarattāyaṃ, bhikkhave, chandarāgavinibaddho diṭṭhadhammikāpi bhayā na parimuccati, samparāyikāpi bhayā na parimuccati, tasmā ‘bhaya’nti kāmānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Kasmā ca, bhikkhave, ‘dukkha’nti…pe… ‘rogo’ti… ‘gaṇḍo’ti… ‘salla’nti… ‘saṅgo’ti… ‘paṅko’ti… ‘gabbho’ti kāmānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ? Yasmā ca kāmarāgarattāyaṃ, bhikkhave, chandarāgavinibaddho diṭṭhadhammikāpi gabbhā na parimuccati, samparāyikāpi gabbhā na parimuccati, tasmā ‘gabbho’ti kāmānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ’’.

‘‘Bhayaṃ dukkhañca rogo ca, gaṇḍo sallañca saṅgo ca;

Paṅko gabbho ca ubhayaṃ, ete kāmā pavuccanti;

Yattha satto puthujjano.

‘‘Otiṇṇo sātarūpena, puna gabbhāya gacchati;

Yato ca bhikkhu ātāpī, sampajaññaṃ [sampajañño (syā. ka.) saṃ. ni. 4.251 passitabbaṃ] na riccati.

‘‘So imaṃ palipathaṃ duggaṃ, atikkamma tathāvidho;

Pajaṃ jātijarūpetaṃ, phandamānaṃ avekkhatī’’ti. chaṭṭhaṃ;

7. Paṭhamaāhuneyyasuttaṃ



"婆罗门，如此获得的财富有四种增长之门：不沉溺女色、不沉溺饮酒、不沉溺赌博、善友、善伴、善伙伴。婆罗门，就像一个大水池有四个进水口和四个出水口，如果有人打开进水口而关闭出水口，天又适时降雨。这样，婆罗门，那大水池必定增长，不会衰减；同样地，婆罗门，如此获得的财富有四种增长之门：不沉溺女色...乃至...善伙伴。婆罗门，这四法能使良家子得现世利益、现世安乐。
"婆罗门，这四法能使良家子得来世利益、来世安乐。是哪四法？信具足、戒具足、舍具足、慧具足。婆罗门，什么是信具足？在此，婆罗门，良家子有信，相信如来的觉悟——'世尊确实是...乃至...天人师、佛、世尊。'婆罗门，这称为信具足。
"婆罗门，什么是戒具足？在此，婆罗门，良家子离杀生...乃至...离饮酒放逸处。婆罗门，这称为戒具足。
"婆罗门，什么是舍具足？在此，婆罗门，良家子以离垢吝啬之心住在家中，解脱施舍，净手施与，乐于舍弃，乐于被乞求，乐于布施分享。婆罗门，这称为舍具足。
"婆罗门，什么是慧具足？在此，婆罗门，良家子有慧...乃至...正确趣向苦的止息。婆罗门，这称为慧具足。婆罗门，这四法能使良家子得来世利益、来世安乐。"
"精勤于职责中，不放逸有智慧，
平衡安排生活，守护所积聚。
具信戒圆满，慷慨无吝啬，
常净化道路，通往后世安。
此八法所说，信者求家居，
以实名宣说，两世皆安乐。
为现世利益，及后世安乐，
如是在家众，舍施福增长。"第五则。
6\ 怖畏经
56\ "诸比丘，'怖畏'是欲的同义语。诸比丘，'苦'是欲的同义语。诸比丘，'病'是欲的同义语。诸比丘，'疮'是欲的同义语。诸比丘，'箭'是欲的同义语。诸比丘，'执着'是欲的同义语。诸比丘，'泥沼'是欲的同义语。诸比丘，'胎'是欲的同义语。诸比丘，为什么'怖畏'是欲的同义语？因为诸比丘，被欲贪染着、被欲爱束缚者不能解脱现世的怖畏，也不能解脱来世的怖畏，所以'怖畏'是欲的同义语。诸比丘，为什么'苦'是...乃至...'病'是...'疮'是...'箭'是...'执着'是...'泥沼'是...'胎'是欲的同义语？因为诸比丘，被欲贪染着、被欲爱束缚者不能解脱现世的胎，也不能解脱来世的胎，所以'胎'是欲的同义语。"
"怖畏及苦病，疮箭与执着，
泥沼及双胎，此等称为欲；
凡夫众生处。
迷于快乐相，再入于胎中；
比丘勤精进，正知不放逸。
如是度越过，此难行泥路；
观见诸众生，生老所缠缚。"第六则。
7\ 第一应请经

57. ‘‘Aṭṭhahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu āhuneyyo hoti pāhuneyyo dakkhiṇeyyo añjalikaraṇīyo anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassa. Katamehi aṭṭhahi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti …pe… samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu; bahussuto hoti…pe… diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā; kalyāṇamitto hoti kalyāṇasahāyo kalyāṇasampavaṅko ; sammādiṭṭhiko hoti, sammādassanena samannāgato; catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ ābhicetasikānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṃ nikāmalābhī hoti akicchalābhī akasiralābhī; anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, seyyathidaṃ – ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo…pe… iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati; dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena…pe… yathākammūpage satte pajānāti; āsavānaṃ khayā…pe… sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu āhuneyyo hoti…pe… anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā’’ti. Sattamaṃ.

8. Dutiyaāhuneyyasuttaṃ

58. ‘‘Aṭṭhahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu āhuneyyo hoti…pe… anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassa. Katamehi aṭṭhahi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti …pe… samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu; bahussuto hoti…pe… diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā; āraddhavīriyo viharati thāmavā daḷhaparakkamo anikkhittadhuro kusalesu dhammesu; āraññiko hoti pantasenāsano; aratiratisaho hoti, uppannaṃ aratiṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya viharati; bhayabheravasaho hoti, uppannaṃ bhayabheravaṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya viharati ; catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ ābhicetasikānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṃ nikāmalābhī hoti akicchalābhī akasiralābhī; āsavānaṃ khayā…pe… sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu āhuneyyo…pe… anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

9. Paṭhamapuggalasuttaṃ

59. ‘‘Aṭṭhime bhikkhave, puggalā āhuneyyā pāhuneyyā dakkhiṇeyyā añjalikaraṇīyā anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassa? Katame aṭṭha? Sotāpanno, sotāpattiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanno, sakadāgāmī, sakadāgāmiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanno, anāgāmī, anāgāmiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanno, arahā, arahattāya paṭipanno. Ime kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭha puggalā āhuneyyā…pe… anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā’’ti.

‘‘Cattāro ca paṭipannā, cattāro ca phale ṭhitā;

Esa saṅgho ujubhūto, paññāsīlasamāhito.

‘‘Yajamānānaṃ manussānaṃ, puññapekkhāna pāṇinaṃ;

Karotaṃ opadhikaṃ puññaṃ, saṅghe dinnaṃ mahapphala’’nti. navamaṃ;

10. Dutiyapuggalasuttaṃ



57\ "诸比丘，具足八法的比丘值得供养、值得款待、值得布施、值得合掌，是世间无上福田。是哪八法？在此，诸比丘，比丘具戒...乃至...学习学处；多闻...乃至...以见善通达；有善友、善伴、善伙伴；具正见，具足正确的见解；容易得到四种增上心的现法乐住的禅那，不困难，不艰难；能忆念种种宿住，即：一生、二生...乃至...如是能忆念种种宿住及其形相标记；以清净超人的天眼...乃至...了知众生随业流转；由于诸漏尽...乃至...证知后而住。诸比丘，具足这八法的比丘值得供养...乃至...是世间无上福田。"第七则。
8\ 第二应请经
58\ "诸比丘，具足八法的比丘值得供养...乃至...是世间无上福田。是哪八法？在此，诸比丘，比丘具戒...乃至...学习学处；多闻...乃至...以见善通达；发勤精进而住，有力、坚固精进，不舍善法的担负；住阿兰若，住边远住处；能忍受不喜与喜，降伏已生起的不喜而住；能忍受怖畏恐惧，降伏已生起的怖畏恐惧而住；容易得到四种增上心的现法乐住的禅那，不困难，不艰难；由于诸漏尽...乃至...证知后而住。诸比丘，具足这八法的比丘值得供养...乃至...是世间无上福田。"第八则。
9\ 第一人经
59\ "诸比丘，这八种人值得供养、值得款待、值得布施、值得合掌，是世间无上福田。是哪八种？预流者，正在修行证悟预流果者，一来者，正在修行证悟一来果者，不还者，正在修行证悟不还果者，阿罗汉，正在修行证悟阿罗汉果者。诸比丘，这八种人值得供养...乃至...是世间无上福田。"
"四种在修行，四种住于果，
此僧众正直，具慧戒定者。
为人作布施，众生求福者，
作有依福业，施僧得大果。"第九则。
10\ 第二人经

60. ‘‘Aṭṭhime, bhikkhave, puggalā āhuneyyā…pe… anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassa. Katame aṭṭha? Sotāpanno , sotāpattiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanno…pe… arahā, arahattāya paṭipanno. Ime kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭha puggalā āhuneyyā…pe… anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā’’ti.

‘‘Cattāro ca paṭipannā, cattāro ca phale ṭhitā;

Esa saṅgho samukkaṭṭho, sattānaṃ aṭṭha puggalā.

‘‘Yajamānānaṃ manussānaṃ, puññapekkhāna pāṇinaṃ;

Karotaṃ opadhikaṃ puññaṃ, ettha dinnaṃ mahapphala’’nti. dasamaṃ;

Gotamīvaggo paṭhamo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Gotamī ovādaṃ saṃkhittaṃ, dīghajāṇu ca ujjayo;

Bhayā dve āhuneyyā ca, dve ca aṭṭha puggalāti.

60\ "诸比丘，这八种人值得供养...乃至...是世间无上福田。是哪八种？预流者，正在修行证悟预流果者...乃至...阿罗汉，正在修行证悟阿罗汉果者。诸比丘，这八种人值得供养...乃至...是世间无上福田。"
"四种在修行，四种住于果，
此僧众最胜，有情八种人。
为人作布施，众生求福者，
作有依福业，施此得大果。"第十则。
瞿昙弥品第一。
其摄颂：
瞿昙弥教诫简说，长膝与郁阇，
怖畏二应请，及二八种人。


